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The Science Behind Flu Viruses

Most people have had some experience with influenza. Throughout history, influenza viruses have spread across the globe. Influenza viruses are constantly changing, and this, in part, accounts for the influenza viruses' changing appearance. 1

All influenza viruses undergo frequent genetic changes. Small genetic changes that occur during replication are called “antigenic drift.” Another type of change is “antigenic shift,” a major and abrupt change that can occur in influenza A viruses. Antigenic shift can result in a new combination of the virus’ surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). When antigenic shift happens, most people have little or no immunity against the new virus.

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Most people have had some experience with influenza. Throughout history, influenza viruses have spread across the globe. Influenza viruses are constantly changing, and this, in part, accounts for the influenza viruses' changing appearance. All influenza viruses undergo frequent genetic changes. Small genetic changes that occur during replication are called “antigenic drift.” Another type of change is “antigenic shift,” a major and abrupt change that can occur in influenza A viruses. Antigenic shift can result in a new combination of the virus’ surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). When antigenic shift happens, most people have little or no immunity against the new virus.

Culture

This is where the spotlight text will go. It will be generally shorter and not super detailed. It will provide an interesting perspective with an eighth-grade reading level.

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Most people have had some experience with influenza. Throughout history, influenza viruses have spread across the globe. Influenza viruses are constantly changing, and this, in part, accounts for the influenza viruses' changing appearance. All influenza viruses undergo frequent genetic changes. Small genetic changes that occur during replication are called “antigenic drift.” Another type of change is “antigenic shift,” a major and abrupt change that can occur in influenza A viruses. Antigenic shift can result in a new combination of the virus’ surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). When antigenic shift happens, most people have little or no immunity against the new virus.